Skeleton

<wa-skeleton> Since 2.0 stable

Skeletons are used to provide a visual representation of where content will eventually be drawn.

These are simple containers for scaffolding layouts that mimic what users will see when content has finished loading. This prevents large areas of empty space during asynchronous operations.

Skeletons try not to be opinionated, as there are endless possibilities for designing layouts. Therefore, you'll likely use more than one skeleton to create the effect you want. If you find yourself using them frequently, consider creating a template that renders them with the desired arrangement and styles.

<div class="skeleton-overview">
  <header>
    <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
    <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
  </header>

  <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
</div>

<style>
  .skeleton-overview header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .skeleton-overview header wa-skeleton:last-child {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    width: 30%;
  }

  .skeleton-overview wa-skeleton {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .skeleton-overview wa-skeleton:nth-child(1) {
    float: left;
    width: 3rem;
    height: 3rem;
    margin-right: 1rem;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }

  .skeleton-overview wa-skeleton:nth-child(3) {
    width: 95%;
  }

  .skeleton-overview wa-skeleton:nth-child(4) {
    width: 80%;
  }
</style>

Examples

Effects

There are two built-in effects, sheen and pulse. Effects are intentionally subtle, as they can be distracting when used extensively. The default is none, which displays a static, non-animated skeleton.

None Sheen Pulse 
<div class="skeleton-effects">
  <wa-skeleton effect="none"></wa-skeleton>
  None

  <wa-skeleton effect="sheen"></wa-skeleton>
  Sheen

  <wa-skeleton effect="pulse"></wa-skeleton>
  Pulse
</div>

<style>
  .skeleton-effects {
    font-size: var(--wa-font-size-s);
  }

  .skeleton-effects wa-skeleton:not(:first-child) {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }
</style>

Paragraphs

Use multiple skeletons and some clever styles to simulate paragraphs.

<div class="skeleton-paragraphs">
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
</div>

<style>
  .skeleton-paragraphs wa-skeleton {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .skeleton-paragraphs wa-skeleton:nth-child(2) {
    width: 95%;
  }

  .skeleton-paragraphs wa-skeleton:nth-child(4) {
    width: 90%;
  }

  .skeleton-paragraphs wa-skeleton:last-child {
    width: 50%;
  }
</style>

Avatars

Set a matching width and height to make a circle, square, or rounded avatar skeleton.

<div class="skeleton-avatars">
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton></wa-skeleton>
</div>

<style>
  .skeleton-avatars wa-skeleton {
    display: inline-flex;
    width: 3rem;
    height: 3rem;
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
  }

  .skeleton-avatars wa-skeleton:nth-child(1)::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: 0;
  }

  .skeleton-avatars wa-skeleton:nth-child(2)::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: var(--wa-border-radius-m);
  }
</style>

Custom Shapes

Set a border-radius on the indicator part to make circles, squares, and rectangles. For more complex shapes, you can apply clip-path to the indicator part. Try Clippy if you need help generating custom shapes.

<div class="skeleton-shapes">
  <wa-skeleton class="square"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton class="circle"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton class="triangle"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton class="cross"></wa-skeleton>
  <wa-skeleton class="comment"></wa-skeleton>
</div>

<style>
  .skeleton-shapes wa-skeleton {
    display: inline-flex;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }

  .skeleton-shapes .square::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: var(--wa-border-radius-m);
  }

  .skeleton-shapes .circle::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: var(--wa-border-radius-circle);
  }

  .skeleton-shapes .triangle::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: 0;
    clip-path: polygon(50% 0, 0 100%, 100% 100%);
  }

  .skeleton-shapes .cross::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: 0;
    clip-path: polygon(
      20% 0%,
      0% 20%,
      30% 50%,
      0% 80%,
      20% 100%,
      50% 70%,
      80% 100%,
      100% 80%,
      70% 50%,
      100% 20%,
      80% 0%,
      50% 30%
    );
  }

  .skeleton-shapes .comment::part(indicator) {
    border-radius: 0;
    clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 100% 0%, 100% 75%, 75% 75%, 75% 100%, 50% 75%, 0% 75%);
  }

  .skeleton-shapes wa-skeleton:not(:last-child) {
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
  }
</style>

Custom Colors

Set the --color and --sheen-color custom properties to adjust the skeleton's color.

<wa-skeleton effect="sheen" style="--color: tomato; --sheen-color: #ffb094;"></wa-skeleton>

Attributes & Properties

Learn more about attributes and properties.

CSS custom properties

Learn more about CSS custom properties.

CSS parts

Learn more about CSS parts.

Importing

Autoloading components via projects is the recommended way to import components. If you prefer to do it manually, use one of the following code snippets.

CDN npm React

Let your project code do the work! Sign up for free to use a project with your very own CDN — it's the fastest and easiest way to use Web Awesome.

To manually import this component from NPM, use the following code. 

import '@awesome.me/webawesome/dist/components/skeleton/skeleton.js';

To manually import this component from React, use the following code. 

import WaSkeleton from '@awesome.me/webawesome/dist/react/skeleton';
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